20秒洗手護健康 How 20 seconds of washing yours hands with soap will save lives the chemistry explained:

單單以水就可以沖洗掉污垢,但病毒和細菌非常小,它們通常需要化學和機械干預才能將粘性納米粒子從構成我們獨特指紋的縫隙中取出。______這就是肥皂如此重要的原因。它是為這項任務而生的。
利用肥皂至少 20 秒徹底的擦洗,其針狀分子將穿透各種細菌和病毒,包括 COVID-19。它們用油性脂質膜維護其本身的抗菌。其分子就像釘子戳破輪胎一樣___肥皂分子的防水末端（可以與油和脂肪結合的疏水尾部）能刺傷COVID-19,並使病毒成為洩氣和破裂的 RNA 細胞袋。

雖然酒精也可以破壞油膜,但用肥皂清洗還有一個額外的好處,那就是物理去除更難破壞皮膚上的病毒和細菌。這要歸功於肥皂分子的雙重性質。 當親水的或喜歡水的頭部伸出與水結合時,尾巴向內轉動以保護自己免受水的傷害,並通過這樣做,將它們捕獲的任何東西舀到稱為膠束的微小肥皂泡沫籠子當中。用肥皂泡沫用力擦洗手和手腕的所有部位,是將這些入侵顆粒永久鎖住的關鍵 - 並將它們沖洗乾淨。水是冷的還是熱的都沒有關係,只要是肥皂水就行。

Water alone may rinse off dirt, but viruses and bacteria are so small they often need chemical and mechanical intervention to get their sticky nanoparticles out of the crevices that make up our unique fingerprints. That's why soap is so important. It's made for this job. Give soap 20 seconds, at least, of thorough scrubbing and the pin-shaped molecules will penetrate the types of bacteria and viruses, including COVID-19, that protect themselves with an oily lipid membrane. Like a nail popping a tire, the water-repelling end of the soap molecule, a hydrophobic tail that can bond with oil and fats, stabs COVID-19 and leaves the virus a deflated and broken sack of RNA cells.

And while alcohol can also break an oily membrane, washing with soap has the added benefit of physically removing even tougher to break viruses and bacteria from the skin. This is thanks to the dual nature of soap molecules. As the hydrophilic, or water-loving, heads reach out to bond with the water, the tails turn inwards to protect themselves from the water and by doing so, scoop up anything they catch in tiny soap bubble cages called micelles. Scrubbing all parts of your hands and wrists vigorously, with a sudsy lather, is key to locking these invading particles away for good - and washing them down the drain. And whether the water is cold or warm doesn't matter, so long as it's soapy.


The World Health Organization recommends scrubbing the wrists, palms and backs of your hands, the spaces in-between your fingers in an interlacing motion, making fists around each thumb and rubbing your fingertips into your palms.


世界衛生組織建議以交錯的方式擦洗手腕、手掌和手背,手指之間的空間,用拳頭握住每個拇指並將指尖摩擦到手掌中。

抗菌肥皂和凝膠的問題在於,就 COVID-19 而言,它們並不比普通肥皂更有幫助,除非它們包含至少 60% 的酒精,否則作為凝膠毫無用處,因為抗菌產品根本不會影響病毒。此外,無論細菌是否能夠在這種治療中存活下來,它們都可以在未來進化為對抗菌產品產生抗藥性。當您只需要一點肥皂和水時,為什麼要冒險讓細菌變得更強壯?

聯合國教科文組織是唯一一個致力於科學和工程教育和研究的聯合國組織。化學作為基礎科學的一部分,教會我們衛生和洗手以對抗 COVID-19 的重要性。科學和工程教育對世界的重要性不容小覷——我們未來的解決方案取決於它!

The problem with antibacterial soaps and gels is that in terms of COVID-19 they are not more helpful than regular soap and are useless as gels unless they include at least 60% alcohol, because the antibacterial products do not affect viruses at all. Further-more, whatever bacteria do survive such treatment, they can evolve to become resistant to the antibacterial products in the future. Why take the chance of making bacteria stronger when all you need is a little soap and water?

UNESCO is the only UN organisation working on science and engineering education and research. Chemistry, as part of the basic sciences, teaches us the importance of sanitation and washing our hands in order to combat COVID-19. The importance of Science and Engineering education for the world cannot be underplayed - our future solutions depend on it!

以上文章取自UNESCO 聯合文教組織06/04/2020 發表文章
https://en.unesco.org

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